what important or interesting musical use cases for gate/trig are not covered with the setup above?

I'll talk only about my experience so consider that my racks are probably much smaller, and my music isn't good 😊 My first approach to eurorack was almost exclusively rhythm based. I bought and used extensively most of the modules in your second row. And to me, it resulted in a pretty uninspiring configuration. Note that I didn't have a lot of other modulators to make my sounds interesting, but more generally I don't think rhythmical beauty of a piece comes from that much clock complexity. Most interesting rhythms I found were created by other synthesis methods.

If I remember correctly, this video has been pretty helpful on that matter:

That being said, if I had to produce dance music, play live or just be effective in rhythm patterns and transitions, I think your rack would handle 99% of what I'd want!

Hope it helps 👋